Since the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Russia’s aim has been to make gas supply to Europe as unpredictable as possible and thus undermine economic confidence and EU resolve on sanctions. At the end of July, 2022, Russia reduced gas flows to Europe via the Nord Stream 1 pipeline to 20% capacity. Further restrictions in supply are likely (e.g. transporting gas via Ukraine to Europe), injecting great uncertainty into the outlook of the region. Efforts to replace Russian gas with other pipelines and liquefied natural gas (LNG) have yielded some results, but cannot go much further in the short term given the limited availability of global LNG supplies and regional regasification terminals.
Other Publications by This Author
-
Rare earth minerals and clean technologies nexus at the background of Russia’s war in Ukraine
Rare earth elements (REE) are key enablers for the ongoing energy and environmen
-
Climate change mitigation in the Armed Forces – greenhouse gas emission reduction – challenges and opportunities for Green Defense
The aim of this study is to get further insight into climate change impacts on t
-
Offshore wind farms – challenges, risks and opportunities for building more resilient national energy systems
The energy transition is a pathway toward transformation of the global energy se
-
Role of windfarms for national grids – challenges, risks, and chances for energy security
Chapter 1 – Wind Energy Systems and TechnologiesChapter 2 – Radar Systems an
-
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as an alternative propellant in the naval field
The fuel or energy source has a large impact on the operating emissions in shipp
